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12.12 Smart Irrigation System

12.12.1 Description

The use case describes a smart irrigation system in which all the valves and sensors deployed around the farmland are centrally controlled and managed by Irrigation Administration Centre. The sensors include temperature, humidity, illumination and soil moisture level. The Irrigation Administration Centre collects data from those sensors and decides if it's time to irrigate the farmland. Because the soil condition and the plant are different depend on the area of the farmland. The timing of the irrigation may be different. According to the pre-configured policies, and the Irrigation Administration Centre decides which valves to open, which valves to close as well as how much the value opens to irrigate the farmland.

12.12.2 Source

REQ-2015-0528R03 Use case on transactions (Smart Irrigation System).

12.12.3 Actors

  • Irrigation Administration Centre (IAC): The application that analyses the data collected by sensors and control the valves to irrigate the farmland.
  • Smart Irrigation Service Provider: The Smart Irrigation Service Provider provides special sensors and valves to implement irrigation system. The Smart Irrigation Service Providers also own the database on the policies of how to irrigate certain plant based on the data collected by sensors. The Smart Irrigation Service Provider helps the customer of its system to deploy the irrigation system which includes the deployment of gateways, sensors and valves into the farmland. Prepare the channel and pipes to let the water flow to every corner of the farmland. The installation and configuration of the Irrigation Administration Centre. And make sure the system is working fine before the finishing of its service.
  • M2M Service Provider: The M2M Service Provider provides M2M platform, M2M Gateway and standard ways to connect devices with each other. The Smart Irrigation Service Provider subscribes the service provided by M2M Service Provider to deploy its own service.
  • Farmer: The customer that purchases the service from Smart Irrigation Service Provider. After the installation of the Smart Irrigation System, the farmer will no longer worry about the irrigation of its farmland.
  • Sensors and Valves: Sensors and Valves deployed by Smart Irrigation Service Provider. The Valves are connected by channels or pipes. The sensors are scattered around the farmland include temperature sensor, humidity sensor, light sensor, soil moisture sensor.
  • Channels and Pipes: Channels and pipes are jointly connected by valves from the source of the water to every corner of the farmland. Channels are half closed and may be overflowed if the water cannot be released in time. Pipes are closed and have standard pressure limit. If the downstream valve cannot be opened in time, may cause irregular pipe pressure which may result in fall of the junction valve or leak of water.
  • M2M Gateway: M2M Gateways are deployed by M2M Service Provider to connect with sensors and valves around the farmland. M2M Gateway collects data from sensors and reports the data to M2M Platform. M2M Gateway also distribute control message from M2M Platform to valves.
  • M2M Platform: M2M Platform is deployed by M2M Service Provider. It stores sensor data and valve conditions which are read or written by Irrigation Administration Centre application.

12.12.4 Pre-conditions

The subscription relationships between farmer, Smart Irrigation Service Provider, M2M Service Provider are carefully contracted.

Channels and Pipes are connected with valves from the source of water to every corner of the farmland.

Sensor are scattered around the farmland and connected with gateway and finally connected with the M2M Platform.

Irrigation Administration Centre is registered with M2M Platform and can successfully read or write sensor and valve state data.

To irrigate one part of the farmland, it may need to open several valves at the same time or in a certain order. If failed to do so, it may cause water overflow of the channel or irregular pressure of the water pipes. This may then result in unexpected irrigation or water leak.

12.12.5 Triggers

Based on the sensors data read by the Irrigation Administration Centre, the Irrigation Administration Centre decides to irrigate one part of the farmland.

12.12.6 Normal Flow

  1. IAC read sensors data from M2M Platform of Area_A of the farmland.
  2. IAC detects that according to current condition, Area_A needs to be irrigated half an hour later.
  3. IAC detects that to irrigate Area_A, Valve_1, Valve_3 and Valve_7 need to be opened at the same time. Valve needs to be opened to 10%, Value_3 needs to be opened to 50% and Valve_7 needs to be opened to 100%.
  4. IAC then sends request to M2M Platform to indicate to switch the valves to corresponding percentage in half an hour.
  5. Valve_1, Valve_3 and Valve_7 responded with success information immediately.
  6. Valve_1, Valve_3 and Valve_7 adjusted its open percentage after half an hour. Irrigation starts.
  7. IAC detects that according to current condition, the water in Area_A would be sufficient.
  8. IAC then sends request to M2M Platform to indicate to switch the valves off in 5 min.
  9. Valve_1, Valve_3 and Valve_7 responded with success information immediately.
  10. Valve_1, Valve_3 and Valve_7 is shut off in 5 min. Irrigation stopped.

12.12.7 Alternative flow

The alternative flow is about the scenario that something error happened during the operation of the valves.

  1. IAC read sensors data from M2M Platform of Area_A of the farmland.
  2. IAC detects that according to current condition, Area_A needs to be irrigated half an hour later.
  3. IAC detects that to irrigate Area_A, Valve_1, Valve_3 and Valve_7 need to be opened at the same time. Valve needs to be opened to 10%, Value_3 needs to be opened to 50% and Valve_7 needs to be opened to 100%.
  4. IAC then sends request to M2M Platform to indicate to switch the valves to corresponding percentage in half an hour.
  5. Valve_1 and Valve_7 responded with success information immediately but Valve_3 responded with a failure.
  6. IAC requests to Valve_1 and Valve_7 the cancellation of the operation.
  7. Valve_1 and Valve_7 responded the success cancellation.
  8. Irrigation failed, the IAC will try some time later again for the irrigation.

12.12.8 Post-conditions

None

12.12.9 High Level Illustration

Figure 12.12.9-1 Smart Irrigation System

Figure 12.12.9-1 Smart Irrigation System

12.12.10 Potential requirements

  1. The oneM2M system shall support distributed transactions to multiple devices or applications where the transaction includes the characteristics of atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability.
  2. sThe oneM2M system shall support the completion of distributed transactions to multiple devices or applications while maintaining the order of the operations and performing the transaction within a given time frame.