12.20 Intelligent agricultural product traceability

12.20.1 Description

Traceability is the ability to trace backward the history (e.g. operation, location) of an entity by means of recorded identifications. It is widely used in product life-cycle monitoring. Intelligence agriculture product traceability is a typical application.

Agricultural product traceability implements a mechanism to monitor and trace the supply chain, including all the participant parties, for example, the producer, processor, logistics providers, distributors, retailers and so on. Every party has a responsibility to manage traceability information by keeping disciplined record, so that the traceability application can obtain the life-cycle information accordingly.

The traceability information consists of static information (e.g. product name, date of production, process information of production) and dynamic information (e.g. logistics information, and distribution information). Most information is captured by the devices. For instance, during the production phase of agricultural products the traceability information is augmented with a planting monitoring log. The planting monitoring log is composed of temperature data and humidity data, which are collected by related sensors.

Another example is the traceability information gathered during processing phases, e.g. the chemical content and dosage monitored and recorded by sensors.

For traceability requirements, the traceability information should be associated with the product identifier which usually is a unique ID stored in two-dimension code or RFID tag.

Traceability linking provides a mapping that relates a product identifier to product related information such as

• Logs
• Information on ID service nodes, such as:
  • servers that provide access to traceability information, and
  • devices (sensors and gateways) that gather traceability information

The M2M service platform is an entity that is responsible to provide the traceability linking service.

The traceability application can request the M2M service platform to provide traceability linking service, and then obtain corresponding traceability information.

12.20.2 Source

REQ-2016-0043R05 Use Case Intelligence agricultural product traceability

12.20.3 Actors

• Traceability application

  Traceability application is the trace request initiator, which can capture traceability identifier (which is equal to, or can be transformed to product identifier) via typing or scanning. It initiates a trace request, and receives the traceability information. The traceability application is usually used by consumers or regulators.

• M2M service platform

  The M2M service platform is an entity that can maintain the traceability links for product identifier and product related information. The M2M service platform can respond to queries regarding traceability links related to a product identifier.

• ID service node

  The ID service nodes are

  • information servers that provide access to traceability information, and
  • devices (sensors and gateways) that gather traceability information

It can provide traceability linking services for product identifier and its corresponding information, forward the links to M2M service platform.

12.20.4 Pre-conditions

All ID service nodes register in the M2M service platform, and forward the existing traceability links for product identifier and traceability information.

12.20.5 Triggers

The traceability application captures a product identifier (traceability identifier), and initiates a trace request.

12.20.6 Normal Flow

1. The traceability application initiates a trace request.
2. The M2M service platform fetches all the traceability information related to the traceability identifier.
3. The M2M service platform provides the traceability information to the traceability application.
4. The traceability application requests the traceability information from ID service nodes.

12.20.7 Alternative flow

The traceability application can obtain the device identifier from M2M service platform, and access the device directly without ID service nodes.

In case the M2M service platform cannot provide accurate traceability information, it would forward the query to the ID service nodes and update the traceability link records.

12.20.8 Post-conditions

None

12.20.9 High Level Illustration

Figure 12.20.9-1 Intelligent agricultural product traceability

12.20.10 Potential requirements

1. The oneM2M system shall be able to support the traceability linking service which provides a mapping that relates a product identifier to product related traceability information.

   Traceability information consists of: - Logs - Information on ID service nodes, such as: - i. servers that provide access to traceability information, and - ii. devices (sensors and gateways) that gather traceability information

2. The oneM2M system shall be able to enable applications to retrieve the traceability information related to product identifiers.